Ibice 7, hitamo vuba abatanga ibicuruzwa byitabi, byizewe!

Ibice 7, hitamo vuba abatanga ibicuruzwa byitabi, byizewe!

NibyizaUtanga ibicuruzwahamwe nubufatanye burambye burigihe burangwa no kwihingamo.

Porofeseri Christopher yagize ati: "Irushanwa hagati y’ibigo ntikiri irushanwa hagati y’ikigo n’ikindi, ahubwo ryahindutse irushanwa hagati y’urwego rutanga amasoko n’urwego rw’abatanga isoko."

Utanga ibicuruzwani igice cyogutanga ibicuruzwa byabacuruza itabi, nkibihimba byabacuruzi.Niba uburambe bwabakiriya busaba cyane, utanga isoko azaba umugabo wiburyo.Amakuru yabatanga ni umuyoboro munini kandi ukize, kandi abadandaza barashobora guhora batezimbere ibicuruzwa binyuze mumakuru yabatanga.

Kugirango tugere ku mubano usanzwe wubufatanye nuwatanze ibicuruzwa byitabi kandi dushimangire ubufatanye-bunguka, dushobora kubona ubufasha bwibanze kandi bwumwuga kubatanga isoko.Kuberako abatanga ibicuruzwa ari abahanga nyabo murwego rwabo rwo gupakira, iterambere ryibigo byacu byubucuruzi ntibishobora gutandukanywa ninkunga yabatanga ibicuruzwa mubice bitandukanye nkikoranabuhanga nibikoresho;By'umwihariko, buri mutanga isoko yamenye umubare munini wumutungo wo mu rwego rwo hejuru hamwe namakuru yambere mu nganda, kandi ubufatanye bwa hafi hagati y’abacuruzi n’abatanga isoko nabwo bufasha gusaranganya umutungo.Turashobora kandi guhindukiraAbatanga itabininde ugushakira amafaranga mubafatanyabikorwa bagufasha kubona amafaranga.

Ariko, nkubucuruzi, nigute dushobora guhitamo uruganda rwogupakira itabi ryiza kandi ryizewe?Ningorabahizi rwose, niba ufite urumogi, ukunda cyane abatanga ibicuruzwa byitabi?Niba ufite uruganda rwitabi, ukunda uruganda rwizewe?Abacuruzi benshi kandi benshi bita ku mbaraga no guhuza urwego rwabatanga.Ibikurikira, nzasobanura mubice birindwi, uburyo bwo guhitamo uwaguhaye isoko.

 

Kera 1: Urebye ubuziranenge bwo gupakira itabi

Ubwiza buhebuje bwo gupakira itabi ni ikintu gikomeye cyane, kuko ubwiza bwibipfunyika buzagira ingaruka kubirango byumucuruzi nubusugire bwibicuruzwa.Bizagira ingaruka kandi ku kunyurwa kwabacuruzi bacu no kumenyekana kwikirango cyacu.

Hano haribintu bike bya siyanse: 250g impapuro zubuhanzi nimpapuro nini cyane zishobora gukoreshwa mugihe gisanzwe cyitabi.Impapuro z'ubuhanzi 260g zizaba nziza?Igisubizo kigomba kuba oya, impapuro zirenga 250g zizatera agasanduku k'itabi guturika no gucikamo kabiri mugukoresha.250g impapuro zubuhanzi zikora itabi agasanduku kagaragara kandi agasanduku gahinduka ni byiza, uyu ni umunyamwugaagasanduku k'itabihamwe nimyaka 20+ yambwiye, ubu bumenyi buke nsangiye nabafatanyabikorwa bacu gusa!

Gupakira agasanduku k'itabi, bigomba kuba bigoye kandi bigororotse, birinda ibicuruzwa umwanda nubushuhe kandi bigomba kugira imbaraga zo kurwanya igitutu.Kugaragara neza kandi kugororotse bisaba ibikoresho bikomeye.None twabwirwa n'iki ubwiza bw'abatanga ibicuruzwa by'itabi?Byoroshye, hitamo itabi ryo gupakira itabi ritanga serivisi zerekana.Noneho ukurikije icapiro ryabo, ingano nibindi bisabwa, bishyuye ibyemezo bivuye mu kizamini.Niba bije yawe idahagije, urashobora kubaza uwaguhaye isoko niba yarakoze ibicuruzwa bisa, umusabe kohereza icyitegererezo cyo gupima ubuziranenge.

Imishinga kwisi yose irashaka kubona aUtanga ibicuruzwaibyo birashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge kugirango ibicuruzwa bitangirika, ntibitose, ntibihumanye mugihe cyo gutwara no kubika, hamwe nigikorwa gisanzwe cyo kugurisha mubucuruzi.Igiciro ntigomba kuba igipimo cyonyine!

 

Kera 2: Uruhande rwibiciro byibicuruzwa

Igiciro cyo gupakira gihujwe nigiciro cyo kugurisha kubucuruzi, kandi kijyanye ninyungu zabo bwite.Ubucuruzi bw'itabi burizera ko buzabona igiciro cyiza, ubwiza bw'uruganda rupakira, rushobora kubaha ibiciro byapiganwa icyarimwe, kugirango batange serivisi nziza.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe bipakira itabi ni kimwe, nk'ikarito, impapuro zometseho n'ibindi bikoresho.Kubijyanye nibikoresho fatizo, itandukaniro riri hagati ya buri mutanga ni rito, kandi imbaraga zuwabitanze zirashobora kugaragazwa nubushobozi bwayo bwo gucapa, ikoranabuhanga ritunganya, ingaruka zo kubumba ... Utanga ibicuruzwa byitabi hamwe nubufatanye bworoshye arashobora gutanga imikorere no koroshya ibitekerezo.

Bamwe mu batanga ibicuruzwa byitabi bafata inzira yibiciro bihendutse, bakoresheje ibikoresho bishobora kuba munsi yimpapuro 250 zubuhanzi, bitazatuma imiterere yipaki y itabi igorana bihagije kugirango itabi ryuzuye mugihe cyo gutwara.Ntanubwo bivuze ko igiciro ari cyiza Gupakira neza, ntanubwo bivuze ko igiciro gito atari gupakira neza.Buri mutanga wapakira itabi afite amasoko atandukanye yibikoresho fatizo, kandi igiciro cyo kugura kiri hejuru kandi kiri hasi, bityo igiciro cyibice kiratandukanye.Inshuti zubucuruzi, menya neza koza amaso yawe.

Igiciro ntigomba kuba igipimo cyonyine!

 

Kera 3: Kwizerwa

Kwemeza gutanga mugihe gikwiye cyo gupakira ni imyifatire ishinzwe kandi nibintu byingenzi kubatanga itabi.Ni iki, nk'ubucuruzi, duhangayikishijwe cyane n'iki?Ntabwo kugurisha ibicuruzwa?Niba igurisha ryagabanutse kubera ko gutanga bidatinze, ntibikwiye igihombo.Kubwibyo, nkubucuruzi, tuzahangayikishwa cyane nigihe cyo gutanga, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa n imyifatire yakazi y'uruganda rutunganya itabi.

Turizera gufatanya nabatanga isoko ryizewe, kandi tugakomeza umubano wigihe kirekire wamakoperative, ariko kandi twizera ko abatanga isoko baduha serivise nziza, ibicuruzwa bihamye byujuje ubuziranenge;Kugirango tumenye neza ko ibicuruzwa byacu bishobora gutangizwa ku isoko ukurikije ibisabwa mbere n'ibisobanuro.Gutinda gutinda bizatuma gutinda kw'ibicuruzwa byacu, kutanyurwa kw'abakiriya, ndetse no kwiyongera kw'ibicuruzwa byagarutsweho n'abacuruzi bacu.Kubwibyo, mugihe dusuzumye igihe cyo gutanga, tuzagenzura igihe cyo gutanga amateka nigipimo cyogutanga amateka yabatanga ibicuruzwa.

Uhereye kubitanga, uburebure bwigihe cyo gutanga biterwa nuburyo agasanduku kakozwe.Udusanduku tumwe na tumwe twacapuwe dukenera ibice byinshi bya wino, buri cyiciro cya wino, bigomba gutegereza ko wino yumye kugirango inyuze murwego rukurikira, bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka kumabara ya kabiri ya wino.Ibikorwa nkibi ntibigomba kwihuta.

Kurugero, agasanduku k'intoki ubwoko bw'agasanduku, mubisanzwe bisaba abakozi gukora agasanduku k'ububiko, gakozwe kuruta imashini, ntishobora gusanwa umwaka wose.Igihe cyo gutanga cyubwoko bwamaboko yubwoko bwitabi nacyo kizaba kirekire.

Birasabwa ko ubucuruzi bushobora kugura ibipfunyika amezi 3-6 mbere.Mugihe cyitumanaho no kwiruka nabyo biratwara igihe.Niba gukurikirana umuvuduko biganisha ku bwiza, ntabwo byifuzwa.

Abatanga isoko kandi bizeye gushiraho imiyoboro myiza yitumanaho hamwe nabacuruzi kugirango barebe ko impande zombi zishobora gutanga amakuru ku gihe kandi neza, harimo kwemeza ibicuruzwa, kwemeza ibicuruzwa, kwemeza igihe cyo gutanga, kwemeza igihe cyo kohereza, kwemeza uburyo bwo kohereza nibindi bisobanuro byingenzi.Itumanaho ryiza rirashobora gucira urubanza neza ibibazo byihishe, gukumira amakosa yamakuru kumpande zombi, no kuvugana no gukemura ibibazo mugihe gikwiye.

 

Kera 4: Ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya

Ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya busaba kwitegereza neza no gutekereza cyane kugirango utekereze kubibazo bitandukanye, ushake ibitekerezo bishya kandi ufate ingamba.Inganda nyinshi zinganda zipakira itabi zashizwe mubikorwa.Hamwe no guhatanira gukomera mu myaka yashize, inganda ntizikeneye gusa kuvugurura no kuvugurura ibicuruzwa bishaje, ahubwo zikeneye no kwagura ibicuruzwa bishya bidasanzwe kandi bishimishije uhereye kubaguzi.Ibicuruzwa bishya ntabwo bigarukira gusa ku gishushanyo, ahubwo ni igitekerezo, gukoresha uburyo, gukusanya ibitekerezo byubucuruzi kugirango tunoze ibicuruzwa, nibindi, mugihe cyose ubucuruzi bukeneye, tuzabona inzira, uruganda rwo gukora .

Ubu kandi ni bumwe mu bucuruzi bwifuza kubona serivisi nyinshi, twizera ko tuzabona uruganda rushobora gutanga ibisubizo bishya no gushushanya!

 

Kera 5: Impamyabumenyi n'impamyabumenyi

Iyo uhisemo uruganda, ubucuruzi bunini buzareba cyane cyane niba uruganda rupakira itabi rwemewe, niba rukoresha abakozi byemewe, kandi niba hari amakimbirane yemewe.Ibi byose bizagira ingaruka kubizere byabacuruzi mubatanga isoko.Ubucuruzi bwemewe kandi bwinyangamugayo ninzira nzira.Niba utanga isoko afite inzira mbi, ikiraro cyizere kizasenyuka.

Icyemezo ni ukureba niba ibikoresho fatizo byuruganda rutunganya itabi byubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ibidukikije ndetse n’aho umusaruro ukomoka ari mwiza.Abatanga isoko barashobora kuvugana nibigo bisanzwe byipimisha byumwuga kugirango bipimwe kandi byizewe, babone raporo yikizamini.Ibi bifasha kubaka ikizere cyabacuruzi mubatanga ibicuruzwa nibicuruzwa, birashobora kwerekana ubuhanga bwabatanga ibicuruzwa, ariko kandi bikazamura irushanwa rirambye ryinganda, bikurura abacuruzi benshi gufatanya.

 

Kera 6: Kuramba

Hamwe n'ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi, abantu benshi cyane bahangayikishijwe no kurengera ibidukikije ku isi.Cyane cyane fata inganda zipakira, nicyiciro cyibicuruzwa, ariko kandi no kurengera ibidukikije, kugirango isi ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.Ubu, ubucuruzi bwinshi kandi bwinshi bukunda gukoresha ibikoresho bibisi bitangiza ibidukikije.Urebye iterambere rirambye ry’ibidukikije, abatanga ibicuruzwa by’itabi biteganijwe kandi ko bazatanga ibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije ndetse n’ibisubizo bifatika ku bucuruzi kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije ku isi.

Impapuro zisanzwe zipakira ni: FSC-COO icyemezo cyamashyamba, icyemezo cya iso, icyemezo cya ROSH nibindi.Ushaka ibisobanuro birambuye, urashobora kujya kurubuga rwemewe rwicyemezo kugirango umenye byinshi birambuye, kandi abatanga isoko nabo barashobora kwiteza imbere mukurengera ibidukikije, kandi inzira nyamukuru yigihe kizaza ntaho itandukaniye no kurengera ibidukikije.

 

Kera 7: Itumanaho na serivisi

Ubucuruzi kwisi yose nabwo burahangayikishijwe cyaneGutanga itabiitumanaho ryiza nubushobozi bwa serivisi, twizeye kubona uruganda rufite ubufatanye buhanitse.

Inganda zikora neza zirimo imyitwarire ya serivisi yubucuti nubupfura, igisubizo cyihuse kubikenewe nibibazo, kwibanda mugutanga serivise nziza, gutanga serivisi zitandukanye kubakiriya batandukanye, no gukemura neza kutanyurwa kwabakiriya nibibazo.Uburambe bwiza bwabakiriya burashobora gushiraho izina ryiza ryigihe kirekire nubusabane buhamye bwabakiriya.

Witondere itumanaho, kugirango ugaragaze neza kandi neza amakuru yibicuruzwa namakuru ya serivisi: ingano y'ibicuruzwa, icapiro, ingano, uburyo bwo gukoresha, imikorere, ibiranga, n'ibindi. Umva ibitekerezo n'ibitekerezo by'abakiriya b'ubucuruzi, subiza kandi utange ibisubizo muri a ku gihe gikwiye, bizatuma abakiriya b’ubucuruzi barushaho kugirira icyizere abatanga ibicuruzwa.Utanga isoko agomba kwitondera gutanga amakuru yukuri kandi yukuri kugirango yirinde igihombo kidakenewe.

Serivisi zigabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: mbere yo kugurisha na nyuma yo kugurisha.Mbere yo kugurisha harimo: gutanga amakuru yibicuruzwa, gusubiramo, gufasha abakiriya mubucuruzi guhitamo ibicuruzwa nibisubizo bikwiye, byemeza ibicuruzwa, nibindi.;Serivise nyuma yo kugurisha ikubiyemo: gutumiza iterambere, guteranya ibicuruzwa, gutwara abantu, gukuraho ingaruka z'umutekano, nibindi, kugirango abakiriya bashobore kwishimira byimazeyo ibicuruzwa na serivisi byaguzwe.

Abatanga itabintibigomba gusa kugabanya itumanaho ryabo nabacuruzi muburyo bwo kugura, ahubwo hashyirwaho uburyo bwitumanaho burigihe nabacuruzi.Kurugero, irashobora kohereza amakuru yibicuruzwa kubakiriya b'ubucuruzi, ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya, gutanga ibikorwa byamamaza na gahunda zikunzwe, no kumva igurishwa rya buri munsi ryabakiriya b’ubucuruzi;Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe kandi gushishikariza abashoramari gutanga ibitekerezo n'ibitekerezo, kandi bagahora batezimbere ibicuruzwa na serivisi.

Hamwe noguhinduka kwimbuga nkoranyambaga hamwe na porogaramu mbonezamubano, abatanga ibicuruzwa by'itabi barashobora kuvugana n'abakiriya b'ubucuruzi binyuze mu nzira zitandukanye, nka ins, Facebook, imeri, WhatsApp, WeChat, terefone, guhamagara kuri videwo cyangwa imbonankubone.Kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byabakiriya babacuruzi.Abatanga itabi barashobora kandi gucunga sisitemu yabakiriya binyuze mubikoresho bya software hamwe nikoranabuhanga kugirango batange itumanaho ryoroshye.

 

Muri make, mugihe uhisemo abatanga ibicuruzwa byitabi kubatanga ibicuruzwa byinshi, ubucuruzi bwaho burahangayikishijwe cyane nibintu birindwi, harimo: ubuziranenge, ikiguzi, kwiringirwa, impamyabumenyi no gutanga ibyemezo, birambye, hamwe na serivisi hamwe nubushobozi bwitumanaho.Nibyiza kwitegereza abatanga ibicuruzwa byitabi mubice bitandukanye kugirango ubone ibibakwiriye.Abashoramari bavugana nabatanga ibicuruzwa byitabi, kandi impande zombi zirakorera hamwe kugirango ibintu byunguke.Nizere ko ibivuzwe haruguru bishobora kugufasha, murakoze!