Amateka n'ikoreshwa rya FezaUdusanduku tw'itabi
Agasanduku k'itabi karacyari ikintu kigezweho nubwo kugurisha itabi byagabanutse mu myaka ya vuba aha. Ibi biterwa n'akazi keza n'ubukorikori bishyirwa mu bwoko bw'ibicuruzwa by'icyubahiro. Byakozwe kugira ngo bitarengerwa n'itabi ariko ntibirindwe. Ingero zifuzwa cyane ku isoko rya kera ni izo mu gihe cya Victoria. Izi feza nziza cyaneamasasu y'itabibyasharijwe cyane byatumye bigera mu kinyejana cya 20 bitewe n'imiterere yabyo myiza.
Ni ikiAgasanduku k'itabi?
Igipimo ngenderwahoagasanduku k'itabini agasanduku gato gafite amapine gafite impande n'impande, bityo gashobora gutwarwa neza mu mufuka w'ikoti. Agasanduku gasanzwe gafatamo itabi kuva ku munani kugeza ku icumi imbere neza. Itabi rifatwa imbere mu gasanduku, rimwe na rimwe uruhande rumwe cyangwa byombi. Muri iki gihe, elasitiki ikoreshwa mu gutuma itabi riguma mu mwanya waryo, ariko mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo utwo dusanduku twazanwaga n'abantu ku giti cyabo kugira ngo barebe ko itabi ritagenda iyo ryari rijyanywe.
Itsindaagasanduku k'itabicyangwa ibati nk'uko rimwe na rimwe byitwaga, ntibikwiye kwitiranywa n'agasanduku k'itabi, kanini kandi kagenewe kubikamo itabi ryinshi mu rugo. Muri Amerika, utwo dusanduku twakunze kwitwa "Flat Fifties" kuko twashoboraga kubikamo itabi 50.
Amateka
Itariki nyayo ahoamasasu y'itabiNtabwo byakozwe. Ariko, kugaragara kwazo mu kinyejana cya 19 byahuriranye n'ikorwa ry'itabi ku bwinshi ryatumye zigira ingano isanzwe. Ubunini bw'itabi ryakorwaga n'abakora itabi bwatumye habaho iterambere ry'agasanduku k'itabi. Kimwe n'ibindi bivumburwa byinshi, byatangiye bifite igishushanyo mbonera cyoroshye kandi gikozwe mu byuma bisanzwe. Ariko, byahise bivumburwa ko ibyuma by'agaciro kenshi, nka feza ya sterling, byari byiza cyane ku gasanduku kubera ko karamba, gakomeye, kandi ko kari koroshye kugatunganya.
Igihe cya Victorian
Mu mpera z'igihe cya Victoria,amasasu y'itabiByarushijeho kuba byiza kandi birushaho kuba byiza nkuko byari byitezwe kuva icyo gihe. Uko amakashi yagendaga arushaho kuba meza, ni nako yarushijeho gushimwa. Mbere na mbere bakoresheje amabara yoroheje, hanyuma amashusho n'imitako kugira ngo bigaragare neza. Abashushanya imitako benshi batanze ibitekerezo byabo kuriamasasu y'itabi, barimo Peter Carl Faberge, uzwi cyane kubera aya magi ya Faberge, bakoze umurongo wa zahabuamasasu y'itabiIfite amabuye y'agaciro ku Mwami w'u Burusiya n'umuryango we. Muri iki gihe, aya masanduku ashobora kugurwa agera ku madolari 25.000 kandi ahembwa cyane kubera imiterere yayo yihariye kandi ihebuje.
Ifeza nziza cyane
Silver ya Sterling yabaye ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane kuriamasasu y'itabi,Nubwo hari n'ibindi byinshi byakozwe muri zahabu cyangwa andi mabuye y'agaciro byabonetse. Amwe mu masanduku yari afite iminyururu, nk'uko ubona ku masaha yo mu mufuka, kugira ngo adasohoka mu mufuka. Imiterere myinshi yari ishaje cyane yazimye kubera ko ihumure ryarushijeho gushimangirwa. Byongeye kandi, koroshya gukuramo isanduku mu mufuka no kuyisubiza inyuma byasobanuraga ko ibishushanyo mbonera bitajyanye n'akazi.
Uburebure bw'umusaruro
Agasanduku k'itabi Umusaruro wageze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu myaka ya 1920 cyangwa “Roaring 20s” muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Amasashe ubwayo yarushijeho kuba meza kandi agezweho nkuko ibihe byagendaga bisimburana n’ibihe bya Victoria. Uko ubukungu bwagendaga bukura, abantu benshi binjiye mu cyiciro cyo hagati batangira kwishimira ubutunzi bari bararundanyije burimo kugura itabi n’amasashe yaryo.
Ubwo Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose yageraga, Ihungabana rikomeye ry'ubukungu ryari ryaragabanyije icyizere cy'imyaka ya za 20 ya Roaring, ariko ntibyabujije kunywa itabi kuko hafi 75% by'abantu bakuru banywaga itabi buri gihe. Abaguraga amakaro y'itabi bakomeje kwiyongera kandi abakundaga kunywa itabi ryiza barishimiraga cyane.
Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose
Inkuru nyinshi zivuga uburyo ifeza ya sterling amasasu y'itabiyarokoye ubuzima mu gihe cy’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose – urubanza rwahagaritse cyangwa byibuze rugabanya umuvuduko w’isasu. Umwe muri abo barokotse ni umukinnyi wa filime James Doohan, uzwi cyane muri Star Trek, wavuze ko agasanduku ke k’itabi kamubujije isasu kwinjira mu gituza.
Amasasu y'itabi byari igice gikomeye cy'umuco wa pop, wenda cyane cyane cyagaragaye muri filime za James Bond zo mu myaka ya 1960. Umutasi yakundaga gutwara agasanduku k'itabi gahisha intwaro cyangwa ibikoresho byakoreshejwe mu bucuruzi bwe. Urugero ruzwi cyane ni muri "The Man with the Golden Gun" - agasanduku k'itabi kabaye intwaro ubwayo.
Iherezo ryaAgasanduku k'itabi
Nubwo bigikorwa, harimo n'ifeza igezwehoamasasu y'itabi, gukundwa kwabo kwarangiye mu kinyejana cya 20. Guhuza imyenda ya buri munsi yahindukaga iy'imyambarire byagize uruhare muri iyi myumvire. Byongeye kandi, kuba ipaki y'itabi yashyirwaga neza mu mufuka w'ishati nabyo byagize uruhare mu kurimbuka kwabo. Ikiguzi cyo gutwaraamasasu y'itabibyaje kuba ibidashoboka. Amaherezo, kugabanya umubare w'abanywa itabi byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku gukundwa kwa amasasu y'itabiMuri iki gihe, abantu bakuru bari munsi ya 25% muri Amerika honyine banywa itabi. Ibi bivuze ko icyifuzo cy’abandura nacyo cyagabanutse cyane.
Kugaruka
Ariko, habayeho kongera kugaruka gato kwaamasasu y'itabimu Burayi, harimo n'izakozwe mu ifeza ya sterling. Ibi byabaye mu myaka mike ya mbere y'ikinyejana cya 21. Kubera ko Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi washyiraga ibirango binini byo kuburira ku dupaki tw'itabi, ibyo bipimo byagarutse. Abantu bashoboraga gutwara itabi ryabo batabanje kureba ibirango byo kuburira hanze.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, iyi mashini yo mu gihe cya Victoria yatangiye gutakaza intego yayo ku bantu basanzwe. Ariko, iracyari ikintu cy'agaciro cy'abayikoresha kandi ikaba impano nziza ku banywa itabi. Cyane cyane umuntu unywa itabi wambaye ikositimu cyangwa unywa ibirango bidasanzwe. Ku bayikoresha hari imashini zo mu kinyejana cya 19 zifite agaciro gakomeye bitewe n'imiterere yazo myiza igaragaza ibihe byashize.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 26 Mata 2025