Agasanduku k'itabi n'ibisabwa n'ubuzima bwo kuburira ubuzima

Imiburo y'Ubuzima

Gukumira umuryango no gukumira inanga no kugenzura itabi (TCA) byahawe FDA nshya ishinzwe kugenzura ibiri ku bikorwa, kwamamaza, no gukwirakwiza ibikomoka ku itabi. TCA nayo yahinduye igice cya 4 cyinyandiko ya federasiyo yimyanya no kwamamaza (FCLAA), kuyobora FDA gutanga ibitekerezo byubuzima byerekana ingaruka zubuzima bwiza kugirango uherekeze inyandiko nshya. TCA yahinduye FCLAA kugirango isaba buriweseIpara ya Cigaretteno kwamamaza kugirango bitwaze kimwe mu miburo mishya isabwa.

 Muri Werurwe 2020, FDA yarangije "umuburo usabwa kuriIbikoresho by'itabin'itangazo "amategeko, rishiraho imiburo 11 nshya y'itabi, igizwe n'amagambo yo kuburira aherekejwe n'ibishushanyo mbonera by'amabara. Iyi miburo mishya ikenewe yerekana zimwe mu ngaruka zidasanzwe zizwi, ariko zikomeye zo kunywa itabi.

 FDA yasohoye kandi umuburo usabwa kuriIbikoresho by'itabino kwamamaza - Igitabo gito cyo kubahiriza ubuyobozi buto "kugirango gifashe ubucuruzi buke no kubahiriza amategeko yanyuma.

Imiterere yuburyo bwa nyuma

Ku ya 5 Ukuboza 722, urukiko rw'intara y'Amerika rwo mu karere k'iburasirazuba bwa Texas yatanze itegeko muri RJ Reynolds itabi co. Et al. v. United Reta zunzuzi n'ibiyobyabwenge et al., No 6: 20-CV-00176, kuvanaho umuburo "usabwa"Ibikoresho by'itabino kwamamaza "Amategeko ya nyuma. Ku ya 21 Werurwe 2024, Urukiko rw'Abongereza rw'Ubujurire rw'Umuzingo Ingano kandi isubika umunsi inoze ku mategeko kugeza ku rubanza rwa nyuma mu manza.

Ubuyobozi ku nganda

Ku ya 12 Nzeri 2024, FDA yatanze ubuyobozi bw'inganda isobanura politiki yo kubahiriza ikigo ku butegetsi bwa nyuma. Ariko, nyuma yaho, urukiko rw'ibanze rwateguye FDA kubahiriza amategeko maze gisubika itariki y'itegeko rigenga kugeza ku rubanza rwa nyuma.

 Umuburo usabwa kuriIbikoresho by'itabin'itangazo

Ibikoresho by'itabi

Ingano n'aho biherereye - Umuburo usabwa ugomba kuba ugizwe nibura 50 ku ijana by'imikorere y'imbere n'inyuma y'ipaki y'itabi (ni ukuvuga impande zombi cyangwa hejuru y'ipaki).

 Ku makarito y'itabi, umuburo usabwa ugomba kuba ibumoso w'imikorere imbere n'inyuma y'ikarito kandi bigomba kuba bigizwe nibura 50 ku ijana by'iyi panel. Umuburo usabwa ugomba kugaragara kuri paki kandi ugomba kugaragara neza munsi ya cellefane cyangwa ikindi gipfunyika.

Icyerekezo - Umuburo usabwa ugomba gushyirwaho kugirango inyandiko yimiburo isabwe nibindi bisobanuro biri kuri kiriya kibaho cya paki bifite icyerekezo kimwe.

 Kurugero, niba ikibanza cyimbere cya aIpara ya CigaretteHarimo amakuru, nk'izina ry'ikirango ry'itabi, mu gisireje cyo kwerekeza iburyo, hagomba no kugaragara mu gisige cyo kuburira kwerekeza iburyo.

Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe kandi bingana no gukwirakwiza imiburo yose yasabwaga kugaragara muri buri kimenyetso cyamezi 12, mugihe gikunze gukwirakwizwa mubice byose bya Amerika aho ibicuruzwa byashizwemo, hakurikijwe gahunda ya CDA.

Umuburo udasanzwe cyangwa uhoraho - Umuburo usabwa wacapishijwe bidasubirwaho cyangwa ushyizwe kuriIpara ya Cigarette.

 Kurugero, iyi miburo isabwa ntigomba gucapwa cyangwa gushyirwaho kuri label yashyizwe ku gipfunyika kigaragara gishobora kuvaho kugirango ugere kubicuruzwa muri paki muri paki.

Amatangazo ya Itabi (Ibikoresho by'itabi)

Ingano na Ahantu - Kumenyekanisha Amatangazo hamwe nandi matangazo hamwe nibice biboneka (harimo, kurubuga rwimbuga rwitangazamakuru, hamwe nimbuga za interineti Byongeye kandi, imiburo isabwa igomba kuba igizwe nibura 20 ku ijana byubuso bwamatangazo muburyo bugaragara kandi bwingenzi hamwe na formate ya buri mumenyekanisha mukarere, niba bihari.

Kuzunguruka - Imiburo 11 isabwa kuzunguruka buri gihembwe, mugusimbuza ubundi buryo, mu kwamamaza kuri buri kiraro cy'itabi, hakurikijwe gahunda y'itabi yemewe ya FDA.

Imiburo idahwitse cyangwa ihoraho - Imiburo isabwa gucapurwa mu buryo budasubirwaho cyangwa ishyirwaho burundu kwamamaza itabi.

Kugerageza Kumurongo Usabwa

Igice cya 4 cya FCLAA, nkuko byavuguruwe na TCA, kandi amategeko yanyuma asaba abakora, abagabye ibipimo, no kuzunguruka kuri buri gihe imiburo isabwa no kugabura gahunda zabo zisabwa kugirango babone imigambi yabo isabwa kugirango babone isoko nkibyo binjire ku isoko.

 FDA yatanze "gutanga gahunda kuriIbikoresho by'itabin'amatangazo ya itabi (asubirwamo) "ubuyobozi bwo gufasha abashyikiriza itabi kuriIbikoresho by'itabin'itangazo.

 Icyifuzo cyo gutanga imigambi ItabiIbikoresho by'itabin'ibyamamaza, n'ibisabwa byihariye bijyanye no kwerekana ibintu bidasanzwe kandi bingana no gukwirakwiza imiburo isabwa no kuzunguruka mu byamamare ku itabi mu kwamamaza itabi, bigaragara mu cyambwe cya FCLAA na 21 CFR 1141.10.