Mu kinyejana cya 19, ubwo kunywa itabi bitabaga bifite umuburo ku buzima, buri gapaki yakundaga kuba ifiteikarita y'itabiamashusho y'amabara atandukanye arimo abakinnyi b'ibyamamare, inyamaswa n'amato. Menshi yashushanyijwe n'abahanzi cyangwa yacapishijwe mu bice by'amabara.
Uyu munsi,amakarita y'itabi zikusanywa - kandi akenshi zifite agaciro - hamwe n'imyaka, ubuke n'imiterere yazo bigira ingaruka ku giciro cyazo. Urugero ruzwi cyane ni ikarita irimo icyamamare cya baseball cyo muri Amerika Honus Wagner wo mu ntangiriro z'imyaka ya 1900, imwe muri zo yagurishijwe miliyoni 7.25 z'amadolari (arenga miliyoni 5.5 z'amapawundi) mu 2022.
Nyuma y’uwo mwaka, ikarita y’itabi idasanzwe y’umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru Steve Bloomer yagurishijwe mu cyamunara mu Bwongereza ku mapawundi 25,900, kandi isoko riracyakomeye na n’ubu.
Rero, niba uri gusaka mu gisenge cyawe ukabona icyegeranyo cyaamakarita y'itabi, wicaye ku kirombe cya zahabu?
Nk’uko Steve Laker, umuyobozi wa London Cigarette Card Company abivuga, hari isoko rikomeye ku isi ry’ibi bintu byo gukusanya.
Agira ati: “Gukusanya amakarita biracyari gutera imbere nk'ikintu cyo kwishimisha kuko ushobora kugura amakarita uyu munsi ku giciro gito cyane nka £20.” “Gukundwa kwabo kuri kwiyongera kuko abantu babona ko ikarita bafite ishobora kuba imaze imyaka 120 kandi amakuru n'ibyerekeyeho byari kuba byaranditswe n'umuntu icyo gihe, ntabwo ari umuhanga mu by'amateka ureba inyuma.”
Yongeraho ati: “Bishoboka ko wicaye ku kirombe cya zahabu. “Icyitonderwa ni itsinda ry’abakora urwenya 20 bari mu myanya itandukanye, bakozwe na Taddy's, bashobora kwinjiza amafaranga ava kuri 1,100 kuri buri karita.”
Igihe cyo kwiyongera kwaamakarita y'itabi byari hagati y’imyaka ya 1920 na 1940. Byakuweho by’agateganyo kugira ngo bibike impapuro mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, kandi ntibyigeze bisubira ku rwego rumwe rw’umusaruro - nubwo hakozwe amatsinda make mato mu myaka yakurikiyeho.
Bite se ku yandi makarita y'agaciro yo gukusanya?
“Si amakarita y’itabi gusa agurishwa. Ushobora kwibuka amakarita ya Brooke Bond y’icyayi cyangwa bubblegum yo mu dupaki twa Barratts na Bassetts, kandi amakarita ya mbere y’umupira w’amaguru afite agaciro k’amapawundi amagana kuri seti,” uko ni ko Laker abivuga.
“Abakinnyi b’umupira w’amaguru bazwi cyane bo mu mwaka wa 1953 bafite agaciro ka £7.50 kuri buri karita cyangwa £375 kuri seti ya 50. Amwe mu maseti ya Brooke Bond Tea arashakishwa, nka Wild Flowers Series 1 (Inyandiko ntoya) ifite agaciro ka £500.”
Bishobora kugorana kumenya niba ufite ikintu cy'agaciroamakarita y'itabi, kuko igiciro gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubuke, imiterere ndetse n'amahirwe yo gutombora mu cyamunara - ariko hari uburyo bwo gutangira isuzuma ryawe.
Laker agira ati: “Zimwe mu seti nziza zaciwe n’intoki kandi tuzi ko hashobora kubaho kopi. Dushobora kubimenya vuba dukurikije ubunini bw’ikarita n’uko isa. Buri ruganda rukora itabi rwatanze amakarita y’ubunini butandukanye.”
“Amakarita yo mu bwoko bwa mbere bw’Abanyamerika yakoreshaga uburyo bwo gukiniraho umupira w’amaguru bunini cyane, ariko amakarita menshi ya WG na HO Wills, urugero, yari make cyane. Agaciro kayo kava ku buke - urugero, Wills na John Players bakoze amakarita angana na miliyoni.”
“Hashobora kubaho kopi, ariko tuzamenya ubunini bw'ikarita n'uko icibwa. Ariko agaciro gaterwa n'ubuke bw'ikarita.”
Ubwongerezaamakarita y'itabihari icyo bimaze?
Inkuru y'ikarita igaragaza umukinnyi wa baseball w'umunyamerika Honus Wagner yinjije arenga miliyoni 5 z'amapawundi yavuzwe cyane, ariko se bite ku byakorewe mu Bwongereza?
Hashobora kuba hataboneka miliyoni z'amafaranga yo kubona ku ikarita imwe, ariko imiterere irimo abakinnyi b'umupira w'amaguru, cyane cyane, ikunzwe ku isoko rya Amerika.
Laker agira ati: “Hari itsinda ry’abakinnyi b’umupira w’amaguru ba Cadet twagurishije £17.50, kandi ikarita imwe muri iyo seti yari irimo Bobby Charlton yagiye muri Amerika igura $3.000 (hafi £2.300).”
“Ikarita ya Honus Wagner yagurishwaga miliyoni yari idasanzwe kandi byagaragaye ko hari umuguzi icyo gihe – niba yari kongera kubona icyo giciro cyangwa itazongera, igihe ni cyo kizabigaragaza, kuko yari ishingiye ku busabe.”
Ingengo y'ubuzima bwaweamakarita y'itabikumenya agaciro kabyo?
Bimweamakarita y'itabibishobora kwangirika mbere yuko ubifata, kuko abantu bakundaga kubikubita ku rukuta mu mukino - kandi hari igihe ba nyirabyo babibikaga muri pulasitiki irimo aside, bigatuma bicika.
Ushobora gutekereza ko gushyira amakarita yawe muri alubumu bizagufasha kuyabika, ariko ibi bishobora kugabanya agaciro kabyo cyane. Niba rero ufite amakarita menshi kandi ukaba ushaka kuyashyiramo kole, ntugapfe ku cyifuzo.
"Dufite uburyo butandukanye bwo kubika [amakarita y'itabi],” Laker arasobanura. “Hagati y’imyaka ya 1920 na 1940, abakora basohoye alubumu ku buryo amakarita menshi yari yarafatiriwe, ariko ikibabaje ni uko ibyo bigira ingaruka ku gaciro cyane kuko uko isoko rimeze ubu, dusanga abakusanya bashaka kubona inyuma y’amakarita ndetse n’imbere.
“Birashishikaje kubashyira muri alubumu kugira ngo uvuge ko warangije icyegeranyo, ariko igiciro kiragabanuka iyo bafatiwemo.”
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-23-2024